Age and Hospitalization Risk in People with Type 1 Diabetes and COVID-19: Data from the T1D Exchange Surveillance Study.

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Abstract

COVID-19 morbidity and mortality are increased in type 1 diabetes (T1D), but few data focus on age-based outcomes.To quantify the risk for COVID-19 related hospitalization and adverse outcomes by age in people with T1D.For this observational, multisite, cross-sectional study of patients with T1D and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from 56 clinical sites in the United States, data were collected from April 2020 to March 2021. The distribution of patient factors and outcomes across age groups (0-18, 19-40 and > 40 years) was examined. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study population, and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between age, adverse outcomes, and hospitalization.Hospitalization for COVID-19.A total of 767 patients were analyzed. Fifty-four percent (n=415) were aged 0-18 years, thirty-two percent (n=247) were aged 19-40 years and fourteen percent (n=105) were aged >40 years. One-hundred and seventy patients were hospitalized, and 5 patients died. Compared to the 0-18 years age group, those >40 years of age had an adjusted odds ratio of 4.2 (95% confidence interval 2.28-7.83) for hospitalization after adjustment for gender, A1c, race, insurance type and comorbidities.Age >40 years is a risk factor for patients with T1D and COVID-19, with children and younger adults experiencing milder disease and better prognosis. This indicates a need for age-tailored treatments, immunization, and clinical management of individuals affected by T1D.

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