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Age-dependent cytokine surge in blood precedes cancer diagnosis.
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Age-dependent cytokine surge in blood precedes cancer diagnosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Chen, G., Mohsin, A., Zheng, H., Rosenberg-Hasson, Y., Padilla, C., Sarin, K. Y., Dekker, C. L., Grant, P., Maecker, H. T., Lu, Y., Furman, D., Shen-Orr, S., Khatri, P., Davis, M. M. 2025; 122 (12): e2420502122Abstract
Aging is associated with increased variability and dysregulation of the immune system. We performed a system-level analysis of serum cytokines in a longitudinal cohort of 133 healthy individuals over 9 y. We found that cancer incidence is a major contributor to increased cytokine abundance variability. Circulating cytokines increase up to 4 y before a cancer diagnosis in subjects with age over 80 y. We also analyzed cytokine expression in 10 types of early-stage cancers from The Cancer Genome Atlas. We found that a similar set of cytokines is upregulated in tumor tissues, specifically after the age of 80 y. Similarly, cellular senescence activity and CDKN1A/p21 expression increase with age in cancer tissues. Finally, we demonstrated that the cytokine levels in serum can be used to predict cancers among subjects age at 80+ y. Our results suggest that latent senescent cancers contribute to age-related chronic inflammation.
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