Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: Getting a Diagnosis
This overview explains our diagnostic process to help you understand what to expect as you go through the early steps of your care.
We start your care by establishing or confirming a diagnosis. Because skin cancer can range from early-stage and curable to advanced and widespread, an accurate diagnosis is critical for your treatment plan. It helps us recommend the most effective treatment options for you, in the right sequence.
WHAT TO KNOW ABOUT NON-MELANOMA
1Getting Started In Your Care
2Getting Your Diagnosis
Consultation & Testing: What to Expect
3Planning Your Treatment
4Undergoing Treatment & Follow-Up
Select your type of treatment below.
For everyone who comes to us, we start your care by establishing or confirming a diagnosis.
First Visit
Consultation
Test Results
Complex Cases
We collect your previous test reports and other medical records. We may need your help to do so, in case you need to sign a release form with your doctor.
a.Ìý ÌýOur goal is to review them before we meet with you so that we understand your unique case. Knowing the details of any previous diagnoses and treatments helps us provide the best possible care for you.
b.Ìý ÌýWhen you schedule your first appointment, our patient coordinators will contact your primary care physician and any other doctors to gather your medical records. We may need your help to do so, in case you need to sign a release form with your doctor. If we cannot obtain them in time, we may need to reschedule your appointment. You can speak with your patient coordinator or your doctor for more details.
c.Ìý ÌýSome types of medical records that you should keep include:
- Pathology reports from any biopsies or surgeries (for most skin non-non-melanomas, this is the most common outside record that is needed, along with the outside biopsy slides, which are reviewed by our dermatopathologists to confirm your diagnosis.
- Imaging test results, either on paper or stored on a DVD (although imaging and laboratory tests are not needed for most skin non-non-melanomas)
- Operative reports from any surgeries related to your non-non-melanoma
- List of medications, doses, and how long you took them
- Discharge summary if you had a hospital stay
- Contact information for health care providers who treated you for cancer
Ìý
a. Our team meets with you for a thorough diagnostic evaluation. We gather more information during your first appointment but may still need additional tests to confirm or rule out a diagnosis.
b. If needed, you may undergo further imaging tests, blood work, or a biopsy.Ìý
a. After this testing, it typically takes a few days to 2 weeks to review the results and confirm your diagnosis. Getting your test results can take time because your care team is working hard to determine an accurate diagnosis for you.
b. Many health care professionals collaborate in the process and provide expert analysis, including your oncologist (cancer doctor), radiologist, and pathologist. Years of experience studying lung cancer every day means your pathologist can accurately identify critical details, such as whether the cancer:
i. Is invades into the skin or just involves the top layer of the skin (epidermis), including a measurement of the tumor thickness
ii. Shows ulceration, where tumor cells push through the epidermis
iii. Is aggressive or slow growing, which can be determined by looking at the type and number of growing and dividing cells, called mitotic figures
iv. Contains particular types of molecules that indicate the cancer subtype
c. Your care team will also determine the stage of your cancer. Staging describes the size of the cancer and whether (and how far) it has spread. Staging is the most important step in planning your treatment.
Stanford non-melanoma experts from several specialties meet as a team in tumor boards that occur as part of structed parallel visits among your cutaneous, surgical, and medical oncologists. Based on the diagnosis, we determine our recommendations for the best sequence of treatment for each patient.
Your doctor or a team of doctors (including cutaneous, surgical, and medical oncologists) will meet with you to discuss the recommended treatment plan. Together, you and your doctors decide on the treatment options that are right for you.
We collect your previous test reports and other medical records. We may need your help to do so, in case you need to sign a release form with your doctor.
a.Ìý ÌýOur goal is to review them before we meet with you so that we understand your unique case. Knowing the details of any previous diagnoses and treatments helps us provide the best possible care for you.
b.Ìý ÌýWhen you schedule your first appointment, our patient coordinators will contact your primary care physician and any other doctors to gather your medical records. We may need your help to do so, in case you need to sign a release form with your doctor. If we cannot obtain them in time, we may need to reschedule your appointment. You can speak with your patient coordinator or your doctor for more details.
c.Ìý ÌýSome types of medical records that you should keep include:
- Pathology reports from any biopsies or surgeries (for most skin non-non-melanomas, this is the most common outside record that is needed, along with the outside biopsy slides, which are reviewed by our dermatopathologists to confirm your diagnosis.
- Imaging test results, either on paper or stored on a DVD (although imaging and laboratory tests are not needed for most skin non-non-melanomas)
- Operative reports from any surgeries related to your non-non-melanoma
- List of medications, doses, and how long you took them
- Discharge summary if you had a hospital stay
- Contact information for health care providers who treated you for cancer
Ìý
close First Visit
a. Our team meets with you for a thorough diagnostic evaluation. We gather more information during your first appointment but may still need additional tests to confirm or rule out a diagnosis.
b. If needed, you may undergo further imaging tests, blood work, or a biopsy.Ìý
close Consultation
a. After this testing, it typically takes a few days to 2 weeks to review the results and confirm your diagnosis. Getting your test results can take time because your care team is working hard to determine an accurate diagnosis for you.
b. Many health care professionals collaborate in the process and provide expert analysis, including your oncologist (cancer doctor), radiologist, and pathologist. Years of experience studying lung cancer every day means your pathologist can accurately identify critical details, such as whether the cancer:
i. Is invades into the skin or just involves the top layer of the skin (epidermis), including a measurement of the tumor thickness
ii. Shows ulceration, where tumor cells push through the epidermis
iii. Is aggressive or slow growing, which can be determined by looking at the type and number of growing and dividing cells, called mitotic figures
iv. Contains particular types of molecules that indicate the cancer subtype
c. Your care team will also determine the stage of your cancer. Staging describes the size of the cancer and whether (and how far) it has spread. Staging is the most important step in planning your treatment.
close Test Results
Stanford non-melanoma experts from several specialties meet as a team in tumor boards that occur as part of structed parallel visits among your cutaneous, surgical, and medical oncologists. Based on the diagnosis, we determine our recommendations for the best sequence of treatment for each patient.
Your doctor or a team of doctors (including cutaneous, surgical, and medical oncologists) will meet with you to discuss the recommended treatment plan. Together, you and your doctors decide on the treatment options that are right for you.
close Complex Cases
At Stanford, we tailor the diagnostic phase of Non-melanoma care to each patient. If you need further testing to complete your diagnosis, your doctor and care team will work with you to determine which tests you need. Tests may include:
- Biopsy (Pathology)
In a biopsy, doctors try to remove most or all of the non-melanoma on the skin so a dermatopathologist can fully examine it under a microscope. - Lab Tests (Blood Draws)
Blood tests are not usually done for skin or lymph node non-melanoma, unless you are on specific (adjuvant therapy) for regional lymph node involvement. More advanced non-melanoma (involving others sites of the body) generally requires specific lab testing, especially if you are on systemic immunotherapy or targeted drdugs. In this setting blood tests can provide a variety of information, helping to plan your course of non-melanoma treatment.
- Imaging Tests (Radiology)
To obtain the most precise understanding of your non-melanoma, your doctor may schedule you for different types of imaging tests that show if the non-melanoma has spread. If you have been screened elsewhere and received abnormal results, we may perform additional imaging, if needed
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Learn More About Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
About this Condition
Learn about the symptoms, causes, types, stages, diagnosis, and prevention of non-melanoma.
Patient Care Resources
Learn what to expect as you go through the early steps of your care.